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150+ most common English accounting terms
Regardless of the profession, to facilitate work and have the opportunity to work in an international environment, knowledge of specialized English is indispensable. The same goes for accounting. You need to understand basic English terms. In this article, Tomato Media has collected the most commonly used English accounting terms today. Let’s check it out.
Nội dung chính (Main content)
English acronyms in the accounting field
To convey content quickly, many people use English acronyms. Moreover, these acronyms make it much easier for users to remember and use. In the accounting field, there are also many English acronyms. Below will be the common English accounting terminology abbreviations:
| No. | Acronyms (Full written word) | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | A.P (Accounts payable) | Nợ phải trả |
| 2 | A.R (Accounts receivable) | Nợ phải thu |
| 3 | A/S; A.S (Account sales) | Sổ doanh thu |
| 4 | AMT (Alternative Minimum Tax) | Thuế tối thiểu thay thế |
| 5 | B.B (Bill – book) | Sổ hóa đơn |
| 6 | B/E (Bill of entry) | Giấy khai hải quan |
| 7 | B/E; b/e (Bill of exchange) | Hối phiếu |
| 8 | B/L (Bill of lading) | Vận đơn đường biển |
| 9 | B/S (Balance sheet) | Bảng cân đối kế toán |
| 10 | B/V (Book value) | Giá trị trên sổ sách |
| 11 | BR (Bills receivable) | Khoản phải thu |
| 12 | C.A (Chartered accountant) | Chuyên viên kế toán |
| 13 | C.B (Cash book) | Sổ thu chi, sổ tiền mặt |
| 14 | CA (Chief accountant) | Kế toán trưởng |
| 15 | CQ (Commercial quality) | Chất lượng thương mại |
| 16 | CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) | Mô hình định giá tài sản vốn |
| 17 | CD (Certificate of Deposit) | Chứng chỉ tiền gửi |
| 18 | CEO (Chief Executive Officer) | Giám đốc điều hành |
| 19 | M.O (Money order) | Giấy ủy nhiệm chi, bưu phiếu |
| 20 | V.A.T (Value added tax) | Thuế giá trị gia tăng |
Summary of basic English accounting terms
Accounting is an indispensable field in any agency or organization. This area of work includes a lot of specialties and fields. Below, we will summarize basic English accounting terms according to specific specialties and fields.
1. English terminology in the field of financial accounting
Financial accounting is the work of collecting, examining, and processing data from which to provide financial and economic information about a business with financial statements to the objects used. Here are some English accounting terms in the field of financial accounting that you need to grasp:
| No. | English | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | Advanced payments to suppliers | Khoản trả trước người bán |
| 2 | Advances to employees | Các khoản tạm ứng |
| 3 | Cash equivalents | Công cụ tương đương tiền mặt |
| 4 | Cash flows | Dòng tiền |
| 5 | Deferred expense | Chi phí chờ kết chuyển |
| 6 | Financial statement | Báo cáo tài chính |
| 7 | Fixed assets | Tài sản cố định |
| 8 | Gross profit | Lợi nhuận gộp |
| 9 | Intangible fixed assets | Tài sản cố định vô hình |
| 10 | Inventory | Kiểm kê |
| 11 | Leased fixed assets | Tài sản cố định thuê tài chính |
| 12 | Long-term investments | Các khoản đầu tư dài hạn |
| 13 | Notes of financial statement | Thuyết minh Báo cáo tài chính |
| 14 | Other current assets | Tài sản ngắn hạn khác |
| 15 | Other non-current assets | Tài sản dài hạn khác |
| 16 | Retained earnings | Lợi nhuận giữ lại |
| 17 | Sales revenue | Doanh thu bán hàng |
| 18 | Short-term investments | Các khoản đầu tư ngắn hạn |
| 19 | Statement of Cash Flows | Báo cáo lưu chuyển tiền tệ |
| 20 | Tangible fixed assets | Tài sản cố định hữu hình |
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2. Basic English terminology in accounting, auditing
Here are the basic English accounting terms related to accounting and auditing:
| No. | English terms | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | Accelerated depreciation | Khấu hao giảm dần |
| 2 | Accumulated depreciation | Khấu hao lũy kế |
| 3 | Allowance for asset impairment | Dự phòng tổn thất tài sản |
| 4 | Carrying amount | Giá trị còn lại |
| 5 | Cost of inventories | Giá gốc của hàng tồn kho |
| 6 | Depreciation expense | Chi phí khấu hao |
| 7 | Fair value | Giá trị hợp lý |
| 8 | Finished goods inventory | Thành phẩm |
| 9 | First in-first out (FIFO) | Nhập trước xuất trước |
| 10 | Goods in transit | Hàng quá cảnh |
| 11 | Goods on consignment | Hàng ký gửi |
| 12 | Initial cost | Giá trị ban đầu |
| 13 | Market price | Giá thị trường |
| 14 | Net realizable value | Giá trị thuần có thể thực hiện |
| 15 | Raw materials | Nguyên vật liệu |
| 18 | Residual or salvage value | Giá trị thu hồi (TSCĐ) |
| 19 | Straight-line method | Khấu hao đường thẳng |
| 20 | Work in process (WIP) | Sản phẩm dở dang |
3. English accounting terms for cost, capital, and currency
Next, let’s explore the basic English accounting terms for cost, capital, and currency:
| No. | English terms | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | Authorized capital | Vốn điều lệ |
| 2 | Break-even point | Điểm hòa vốn |
| 3 | Called-up capital | Vốn đã gọi |
| 4 | Calls in arrear | Vốn gọi trả sau |
| 5 | Capital expenditure | Chi phí tài sản cố định |
| 6 | Capital redemption reserve | Quỹ dự trữ hoàn vốn |
| 7 | Capital | Vốn |
| 8 | Cash book | Sổ tiền mặt |
| 9 | Cash discounts | Chiết khấu tiền mặt |
| 10 | Cash flow statement | Bảng phân tích lưu chuyển tiền mặt |
| 11 | Fixed assets | Tài sản cố định |
| 12 | Fixed capital | Vốn cố định |
| 13 | Invested capital | Vốn đầu tư |
| 14 | Issued capital | Vốn phát hành |
| 15 | Uncalled capital | Vốn chưa gọi |
| 16 | Working capital | Vốn lưu động (hoạt động) |
4. English accounting terms for securities and investment
Refer to the basic English terminology in financial accounting below:
| No. | English terms | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | Document | Chứng từ |
| 2 | Inventory of assets | Kiểm kê tài sản |
| 3 | Inventory/stocktaking | Kiểm kê |
| 4 | Non Periodic inventory | Kiểm kê bất thường |
| 5 | Periodic inventory | Kiểm kê định kỳ |
| 6 | Value added tax invoice | Hóa đơn thuế giá trị gia tăng |
| 7 | Non Periodic inventory | Kiểm kê bất thường |
| 8 | Periodic inventory | Kiểm kê định kỳ |
| 9 | Value added tax invoice | Hóa đơn thuế giá trị gia tăng |
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5. Accounting terms for positions in English
In the accounting field, there are many different positions related to each field and the scope of activities. Here are the basic accounting terms for positions in English that you should know:
| No. | English terms | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | Accountant | Nhân viên kế toán |
| 2 | Accounting Clerk | Trợ lý kế toán |
| 3 | Accounting Manager | Quản lý kế toán |
| 4 | Accounting Secretary | Thư ký kế toán |
| 5 | Accounting Supervisor | Giám sát kế toán |
| 6 | Controller | Kiểm soát viên |
| 7 | Cost Accountant | Kế toán chi phí |
| 8 | The board of directors | Hội đồng quản trị |
| 9 | Finance Clerk | Nhân viên tài chính |
| 10 | Finance Manager | Quản lý tài chính |
| 11 | Financial Audit | Kiểm toán viên |
| 12 | General Accountant | Kế toán tổng hợp |
| 13 | Internal Accountant | Nhân viên kế toán nội bộ |
| 14 | Internal Auditor | Kiểm toán viên nội bộ |
| 15 | Payment Accountant | Kế toán thanh toán |
| 16 | Project Accountant | Kế toán dự án |
| 17 | Revenue Accountant | Kế toán doanh thu |
| 18 | Revenue Tax Specialist | Chuyên viên thuế doanh thu |
| 19 | Accountant Staff | Kế toán viên |
| 20 | Treasurer | Thủ quỹ |
6. English terminology for accounting principles and methods
Every business needs to pay attention and apply certain accounting methods. Let’s take a look at the most commonly used English terms for accounting principles and methods:
| No. | English terms | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | Business entity concept | Nguyên tắc thực thể kinh doanh |
| 2 | Category method | Phương pháp chủng loại |
| 3 | Company Act 1985 | Luật công ty năm 1985 |
| 4 | Concepts of accounting | Các nguyên tắc kế toán |
| 5 | Conservatism | Nguyên tắc thận trọng |
| 6 | Consistency | Nguyên tắc nhất quán |
| 7 | Double entry rules | Các nguyên tắc bút toán kép |
| 8 | Dual aspect concept | Nguyên tắc ảnh hưởng kép |
| 9 | FIFO (First In First Out) | Nhập trước xuất trước |
| 10 | Going concern concept | Nguyên tắc hoạt động liên tục |
7. English terminology in the field of financial accounting
Here are some basic English accounting terms in managerial accounting:
| No. | English terms | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | A system of shared values | Hệ thống giá trị chung |
| 2 | Accounting equation | Phương trình kế toán |
| 3 | Accumulated | Lũy kế |
| 4 | Pay rate adjustment | Điều chỉnh mức lương |
| 5 | Administrator cadre | Cán bộ quản trị cấp cao |
| 6 | Aggrieved employee | Nhân viên bị ngược đãi |
| 7 | Air conflict | Mâu thuẫn cởi mở/ công khai |
| 8 | Allowances | Trợ cấp |
| 9 | Alternation Ranking | Xếp hạng luân phiên |
| 10 | Annual leave | Nghỉ phép thường niên |
| 11 | Application Form | Mẫu đơn ứng tuyển |
| 12 | Apprenticeship training | Đào tạo học nghề |
| 13 | Appropriate status symbols | Biểu tượng địa vị phù hợp |
| 14 | Assets | Tài sản |
| 15 | Business purchase | Mua lại doanh nghiệp |
| 16 | Carrying cost | Chi phí bảo tồn hàng lưu kho |
| 17 | Conventions | Quy ước |
| 18 | Corporate income tax | Thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp |
| 19 | Disposal of fixed assets | Thanh lý tài sản cố định |
| 20 | Managerial accounting | Kế toán quản trị |
8. English accounting terms when working with banks
Accountants often have to deal with banks. When working with a bank, you should know these English terms in financial accounting:
| No. | English terms | Vietnamese meaning |
| 1 | Account | Tài khoản |
| 2 | Chart of accounts | Hệ thống tài khoản kế toán |
| 3 | Closing balance | Số dư cuối kỳ |
| 4 | Credit balance | Số dư Có |
| 5 | Credit entry | Ghi nợ |
| 6 | Credit side | Bên có |
| 7 | Debit balance | Số dư nợ |
| 8 | Debit entry | Ghi có |
| 9 | Debit side | Bên nợ |
| 10 | Detailed accounting | Kế toán chi tiết |
| 11 | Double entry | Ghi sổ kép |
| 12 | General accounting | Kế toán tổng hợp |
| 13 | Journal entry | Bút toán |
| 14 | Opening balance | Số dư đầu kỳ |
| 15 | Transaction | Nghiệp vụ phát sinh |
General Accounting Formulas in English Terms
Accounting is a specialized field that deals with finance and numbers, so it will make extensive use of formulas. Here are the formulas using common English accounting terms:
Cost of goods sold/ cost of sales = Opening Inventory + Purchase – Closing Inventory (áp dụng đối với doanh nghiệp thương mại là chủ yếu)
Giá vốn hàng bán = Vốn kiểm kê ban đầu + Tiền mua hàng – Vốn kiểm kê cuối
Mark up profit rate = (Sales – cost of goods sold) / Cost of goods sold
Tỷ suất lợi nhuận xác định = (Doanh thu – giá vốn của hàng bán) / Giá vốn của hàng bán
Income tax expense = Income tax rate x PBIT Profit after tax = PBIT – Income tax expense
Chi phí thuế thu nhập = Thuế suất thuế thu nhập x PBIT Lợi nhuận sau thuế = PBIT – Chi phí thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp
Gross profit = Sales – cost of goods sold
Lợi nhuận gộp = Doanh thu bán hàng – giá hàng bán
Margin profit rate = (Sales – cost of goods sold)/ Sales
Tỷ suất lợi nhuận biên = (Doanh thu – giá vốn của hàng bán) / Doanh thu
Purchase = Closing Trade Payable – Opening Trade Receivable + Received Discount + Cash paid to supplier + Contra between trade receivable and trade payable
Giá mua hàng = số dư nợ phải trả cuối kỳ – số dư nợ phải trả đầu kỳ + các khoản chiết khấu nhận được + Các khoản tiền nợ trả cho nhà cung cấp + bù trừ giữa nợ phải thu và nợ phải trả.
Cost of manufactured = Opening Work in progress + Sum of production cost – Closing Work in progress
Giá thành sản xuất = Dang dở đầu kỳ + Tổng chi phí sản xuất – Dang dở cuối kỳ
English translation in accounting and finance needs specialists.
Financial accounting is a difficult subject to translate with a lot of jargon. This is an industry that experiences significant fluctuations in the global economic market. Therefore, all documents must be translated correctly. It requires professional translators to do so.
Tomato is one of the most prestigious English-language translation service providers in financial accounting today. We have received the trust of thousands of businesses and banks with many outstanding advantages:
- Professional English translation team with extensive experience in accounting.
- The standard translation of words, grammar, and smooth writing, ensuring the accuracy of up to 100%.
- Fast translation time, available translation delivery on the day
- Accurate translation of British English and American English
- The quality management system at Tomato meets the international standard ISO 9001:2015.
- Absolute confidentiality of translation and customer information
- Reasonable and competitive specialized English translation service prices.
- Tomato reaches the Top 150 of the 2022 Language Service Provider Index (LSPI).
- Tomato Media is honored to be the translation company receiving the “2021 Excellent Products-Services” award.
If you require a translation of English accounting documents, contact us immediately at the following address:
- Hanoi Head Office: Room 504, Kinh Do Building, 292 Tay Son, Trung Liet Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Branch in Bangkok: 362 Krungthep, Nonthaburi 2, Bangkok, Thailand
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- Email: info@tomatomediavn.com
- Hotline: 0938 596 333
To facilitate work, understanding English accounting terms is essential. Hopefully, this article has helped you learn some new terms. But if you want to get a fast, accurate, and cost-effective English translation, contact Tomato Media.
Questions related to English accounting terminology
English terminology for debt in accounting?
- “Debt” is a common term used.
- “Debt accounting” means “Kế toán công nợ” in Vietnamese.
- Công nợ phải thu: Receivable
- Công nợ phải trả: Payable
What is the translation of “kế toán” in English?
“Accounting” is a common term used in English.
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